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Nov 30, 2018 at 20:03 comment added CoAstroGeek The velocity vector is only perpendicular to the position vector for circular orbits or at apogee or perigee of elliptical orbits.
Feb 11, 2014 at 21:33 comment added Tristan @Nickolai, the radius and velocity vectors will only be orthogonal in a circular orbit.
Feb 11, 2014 at 16:26 comment added Tristan For most orbital mechanics calculations, the green arrows will be aligned with the R-bar direction, i.e., pointing directly at the planet's center. This does lead to a convention where the three axes are not mutually orthogonal, but the vector pointing to the planet center is more meaningful than an inward- or outward-pointing vector normal to the velocity vector.
S Feb 10, 2014 at 16:45 history suggested Nickolai CC BY-SA 3.0
changed equator to center of planet, since equator is a line and you can't point to a line. Also added name for normal direction
Feb 10, 2014 at 16:41 review Suggested edits
S Feb 10, 2014 at 16:45
Feb 7, 2014 at 14:56 comment added Maxpm I don't think so. In the question diagram above, the green arrows miss the planet's center. If the planet were smaller, they would miss it entirely. The velocity vector (represented by the red arrows) is only tangential to the planet's surface if the orbit is perfectly circular or the spacecraft is at its periapsis or apoapsis.
Feb 7, 2014 at 14:45 comment added PearsonArtPhoto I'm pretty sure that the velocity vector is perpendicular to the planet's center in any case, at least for relatively uniform gravity objects, like all planets and most large moons.
Feb 7, 2014 at 14:42 comment added Maxpm The zenith and nadir always go straight in and out of the planet's center, right? So they're not necessarily perpendicular to the velocity vector?
Feb 7, 2014 at 13:51 history answered PearsonArtPhoto CC BY-SA 3.0