Science Fiction has shown several interesting possibilities for surviving the reentry, most notably, either a suit that's got a high thermal load, or an ablative shield that one rides down.

Science fact has an even more interesting possibility: the shuttlecock mode. Inspired by a badminton shuttlecock, Scaled Composites uses it as the reentry mode for the SS1 and SS2 spacecraft; SS1 rose to a level where atmosphere was no longer useful to affect attitude of the craft.

A system of extensible vanes could be used to generate a shuttlecock drogue; a high expansion foam or gas into rolled tubing could generate a nice large drogue effect, and keep friction levels from reaching thermal danger to the suited astro-parachutist.

The issue is one of not entering at a speed sufficient to damage the drogue and/or astro-parachutist. And that's a de-orbit issue.

Likewise, the Aerobraking inflatable shield exemplified in A.C. Clark's 2010: Odyssey 2 is from an actual proposal to NASA (by Clark, if I remember correctly). NASA finally got around to testing the idea in 2012... IRVE-3 passed initial tests about a year ago - July, 2012.

A combination of an inflatable shield for the high speed portion, and then shuttlecock drogues after slowing enough to not be injured by atmosphere itself, and finally a parachute for final landing could make a jump from LEO or even GTO survivable. Whether or not the rig is of a practical weight as an escape system is as yet dubious, but the technology does exist.

Science Fiction has shown several interesting possibilities for surviving the reentry, most notably, either a suit that's got a high thermal load, or an ablative shield that one rides down.

Science fact has an even more interesting possibility: the shuttlecock mode. Inspired by a badminton shuttlecock, Scaled Composites uses it as the reentry mode for the SS1 and SS2 spacecraft; SS1 rose to a level where atmosphere was no longer useful to affect attitude of the craft.

A system of extensible vanes could be used to generate a shuttlecock drogue; a high expansion foam or gas into rolled tubing could generate a nice large drogue effect, and keep friction levels from reaching thermal danger to the suited astro-parachutist.

The issue is one of not entering at a speed sufficient to damage the drogue and/or astro-parachutist.¹ And that's a de-orbit issue.

Likewise, the Aerobraking inflatable shield exemplified in A.C. Clark's 2010: Odyssey 2 is from an actual proposal to NASA (by Clark, if I remember correctly). NASA finally got around to testing the idea in 2012... IRVE-3 passed initial tests about a year ago - July, 2012.

A combination of an inflatable shield for the high speed portion², and then shuttlecock drogues after slowing enough to not be injured by atmosphere itself, and finally a parachute for final landing could make a jump from LEO or even GTO survivable. Whether or not the rig is of a practical weight as an escape system is as yet dubious, but the technology does exist.

¹: Noting that speed, in this case, is purely relative to the atmosphere. Orbital velocity is about 7.8 km/sec for low earth orbit; surface speed at the equator is about 0.46 km/sec. So that's a considerable large amount of speed to shed: about 7.3 km/sec.
Also note: Kittinger and Baumgartner had a near-zero relative velocity due to use of a lighter than air vehicle. Any speed below about 0.1 km/s is a non-issue - 360 kph isn't too much of a problem, and the drogue can handle well more than that.

²: That's the point while still above surface speed, yet below orbital speed.