The Roscosmos requirements for the professional cosmonaut candidates are [published here][1].
The [google translation][2] seems to be intelligible.


  [1]: http://www.gctc.ru/media/files/Otbor_kosmonavtov/perecen..medizinskih.dokumentov.pdf
  [2]: https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=ru&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gctc.ru%2Fmedia%2Ffiles%2FOtbor_kosmonavtov%2Fperecen..medizinskih.dokumentov.pdf

It includes the list of medical areas of inspection:

> * internal organs inspection;
* neuropsychiatric inspection;
* surgical inspection;
* ophthalmological inspection;
* otorhinolaryngologic inspection;
* dental inspection;
* functional inspection;
* gynecological examination (for women);
* psychiatric inspection;

as well as the list of assays required (all kinds of *blood tests, feces, urine, 12-lead ECG, etc etc etc*).


And, in particular, the set of general anthropometric requirements.

> Anthropometric data (the maximal allowed values):
> 
> * height (150-190 cm);
* height in the sitting position (80-99 cm);
* weight (50-90 kg);
* foot length (29.5 cm);
* shoulders (52 cm);
* distance between the armpits (45 cm);
* hip width in the sitting position (41 cm).