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The study of planets, asteroids, comets, etc, including weather, geology, composition, etc. This tag should be used when the focus of the question is on the the science of a non-Earth non-star natural object, and not used when designing spacecraft to cope with said challenges.

32 votes

By my calculation the cumulative mass of Mercury, plus Venus, plus Earth's moon, plus Mars, ...

According to Wolfram Alpha, your calculation is correct. (The masses of Phobos and Deimos are negligible here.) It's not a particularly remarkable coincidence; glancing at a list of solar system bodie …
Russell Borogove's user avatar
5 votes
Accepted

Are there both "lake" and "sea" designations on Titan? Officially or otherwise?

The International Astronomical Union is the most official source on this matter. Among other surface features on Titan the IAU recognizes 81 lakes (lacūs, "small dark plains with discrete, sharp boun …
Russell Borogove's user avatar
6 votes
Accepted

Why does Jupiter have the colors it does?

According to wikipedia: The exact nature of chemicals that make Jovian zones and bands so colorful is not known, but they may include complicated compounds of sulfur, phosphorus and carbon. Liq …
Russell Borogove's user avatar
15 votes
Accepted

Did we know the gas planets were truly gaseous before Pioneer 10?

My 1965-vintage copy of Sourcebook On The Space Sciences has this to say: The model developed by DeMarcus in 1958 is regarded at present as the most acceptable for the interior of Jupiter. It postula …
Russell Borogove's user avatar
81 votes
Accepted

Is it true that NASA is hiring a new 'planetary protection officer'?

You're observing shamefully bad journalism. The "protect Earth from aliens" bullet point in the "Highlights" section of the article was put there by an editor who either ignorantly or willfully distor …
Russell Borogove's user avatar
3 votes

How do we measure the atmospheres of Solar system planets?

Wikipedia has a series of articles about the atmosphere of each of the major bodies in the Solar system; you can learn quite a bit about the history of investigation of each. For the moon, we observe …
Russell Borogove's user avatar
17 votes
Accepted

If Mars had a denser atmosphere, how warm would it be?

Other factors being equal, planetary temperature (measured on an absolute scale e.g. degrees Kelvin) falls with the square root of distance from the sun, so a merely Earth-like atmosphere isn't enough …
Russell Borogove's user avatar
4 votes

Is it still called a Van Allen radiation belt if it's around another planet?

According to the Wikipedia article on radiation belts, only Earth's radiation belts are referred to as Van Allen belts: The discovery of the belts is credited to James Van Allen, and as a result t …
Russell Borogove's user avatar