On top of the mentioned "roundtrip" and "antena aim" data, which is good for rough measurements (not very rough, but not exactly a sum-meter precision), there's a way to triangulate the position of any broadcasting object.

Point three antennas at different locations of the world, with precisely synchronized timers, at Voyager. Record the incoming wave, precisely recording the timing of some significant point.

The X-band wavelength is about 30cm. Measuring speed is quite simple, calculate deviation from that wavelength, caused by "red shift". But moreover, if you compare phase of the wave - timings of arrival of a specific point of it - you can triangulate the craft's position with extreme accuracy, way better than "signal strength" estimate.

On top of the mentioned "roundtrip" and "antena aim" data, which is good for rough measurements (not very rough, but not exactly a sub-meter precision), there's a way to triangulate the position of any broadcasting object.

Point three antennas at different locations of the world, with precisely synchronized timers, at Voyager. Record the incoming wave, precisely recording the timing of some significant point.

The X-band wavelength is about 3cm. Measuring speed is quite simple, calculate deviation from that wavelength, caused by "red shift". But moreover, if you compare phase of the wave - timings of arrival of a specific point of it - you can triangulate the craft's position with extreme accuracy, way better than "signal strength" estimate.